Among the first settlers in the Karlovy Vary region between 1945 and 1947 were Slovak men and women from eastern and north-western Slovakia. In Jáchymov and Sokolov, not only Slovaks from the interior of Slovakia but also Slovaks from Hungary began working in the mining industry, as well as in local glass works and porcelain factories in the Karlovy Vary area.
Slovaks from northern and north-western Slovakia did not settle in large groups, but rather as families and as individuals. They arrived between 1945 and 1947, a period when land and agricultural properties formerly owned by expelled Germans could be acquired. According to the census, 36,610 Slovaks lived in the Karlovy Vary region, including migrants from Slovakia, Romania, and Hungary. They differed in Slovak dialects and often lacked knowledge of standard Slovak. In 1947, Matica slovenská established a Local Branch in Karlovy Vary and in Nejdek, where most Slovaks from Hungary had been resettled; many spoke Hungarian and did not know Slovak. Staff from Matica slovenská aimed to teach these resettled Slovaks the Slovak language. From 1948 to 1951, a Slovak inspector was based in Karlovy Vary.
The Slovaks did not form a distinct separate national community. They quickly integrated into the local majority society or returned to Slovakia.
According to the 1961 census, 13,842 Slovaks lived in the Karlovy Vary region. The re-establishment of the Western Military District in 1969 brought an influx of Slovak soldiers. In 1992, the Regional Community of Slovaks was founded by Slovaks who had completed service in the Czechoslovak People’s Army. The 1991 census recorded 9,014 Slovaks in the Karlovy Vary district. By 2021, the Karlovy Vary region had 5,745 Slovaks, including 1,952 in the Karlovy Vary district, 1,842 in Sokolov, and 1,951 in Cheb.
Today, the Obce Slovákov organisations operate in Karlovy Vary and Sokolov. In Karlovy Vary, they bring together not only Slovaks from Slovakia but also Slovaks from Hungary. Their cultural activities are gradually expanding in collaboration with other institutions. However, most Slovaks and their descendants have chosen the path of natural integration into Czech society.